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Matrix theory is the study of matrices as concrete objects, rather than as abstract linear operators between vector spaces (whose study belongs to linear algebra). For instance, this involves matrix factorizations and decompositions, nonnegative matrices and Perron-Frobenius theory, Schur complements, structured and special matrices, matrix functions and equations.

8 votes

Is the determinant the only multiplicative matrix function?

With the exception of $GL_2(\mathbb{F}_2)$, the commutator subgroup of $GL_n(k)$ is $SL_n(k)$ (for $k$ a field). So any multiplicative map from $GL_n(k)$ to an abelian group factors through determinan …
David E Speyer's user avatar
6 votes

The sum of squared logarithms conjecture

Lev Borisov having put up a complete solution; I'll put up how far I got. In his notation, I was able to show $\frac{\partial f(a)}{\partial a_k} > 0$ when $z^n + a_{n-1} z^{n-1} + \cdots + a_0$ has a …
David E Speyer's user avatar
8 votes
Accepted

How wide is the Birkhoff Polytope?

For $n$ even, the width is exactly $\frac{2}{\sqrt{n-1}}$. For $n$ odd, I can prove this as a lower bound and $\frac{2n}{(n-1) \sqrt{n+1}} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{n-1} \sqrt{1-1/n^2}}$ as an upper bound. …
David E Speyer's user avatar
3 votes

Find a square, stochastic matrix of odd size, not a permutation matrix, with an eigenvalue o...

If you want a doubly stochastic matrix, $$\begin{pmatrix} 0&1 & 0&0&0 \\ 1&0 & 0&0&0 \\ 0&0 & 1/3&1/3&1/3 \\ 0&0 & 1/3&1/3&1/3 \\ 0&0 & 1/3&1/3&1/3 \\ \end{pmatrix}$$ has eigenvalue $-1$.
David E Speyer's user avatar
6 votes

Orthogonal basis of ${\bf Sym}_n(\mathbb R)$, made of orthogonal matrices

If there is a Hadamard matrix of size $n/2$, then there is a set of orthogonal matrices as desired. Recall that Hadamard's conjecture predicts that there is a Hadamard matrix of size $m$ whenever $m \ …
David E Speyer's user avatar