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Enumerative combinatorics, graph theory, order theory, posets, matroids, designs and other discrete structures. It also includes algebraic, analytic and probabilistic combinatorics.

3 votes

How do you traverse a rectangular grid of points while turning as little as possible?

(I assume that the OP wants to minimize is the number of turns rather than the total amount of absolute turning angles.) If we restrict to moving only parallel to the axes, here is an elementary proof …
Yaakov Baruch's user avatar
17 votes
1 answer
1k views

Can the Pythagorean Graph be finitely colored?

Define the Pythagorean Graph as having nodes $a,b\in \mathbb{N}_{\ge 3}$ and an edge $a\rightarrow b$ if and only if $a^2+b^2$ is a square. After much searching I found the example in the picture, pro …
8 votes
1 answer
411 views

Big triples in a matrix

Consider an $n\times n$ real matrix $A=(a_{ij})$ with non negative entries. Assume that - the sum of the three largest entries in each row is a constant $R$ (the same for all rows), - the sum of the …
5 votes
Accepted

Convex lattice polygons with equal area and perimeter

This answers question 2 as well. But I think both questions are way more suitable for math.stackexchange. I add another example because, unlike the first, it has the property that multiplied by $I^{n …
Yaakov Baruch's user avatar
9 votes

Positive integers written as $\binom{w}2+\binom{x}4+\binom{y}6+\binom{z}8$ with $w,x,y,z\in\...

Not an answer - but I decided to delete a prior comment and repost as an answer, because I think it puts the 2-4-6-8 conjecture in a different light than considered so far, hopefully leading to some o …
Yaakov Baruch's user avatar
8 votes
Accepted

How to deduce an equation from this 3 Diophantine equations with 5 variables?

The first two equalities imply $x>m$ and $y>n$ so one can substitute $x=m+X$, $y=n+Y$ and $k=X+Y$, with still $X,Y \in \mathbb N$: ${X \choose 2}=nX+nY-mX\tag{1}$ ${Y \choose 2}=mX+mY-nY\tag{2}$ Fr …
Yaakov Baruch's user avatar
4 votes
0 answers
211 views

How many inclusion preserving maps of subsets?

Let $S$ be a set with $n$ elements and $\Sigma_k= \{ R\subseteq S \mid |R|=k \}$. For $k\le n/2$ how many bijections $f$ are there between $\Sigma_k$ and $\Sigma_{n-k}$, such that $x\subseteq f(x)$? …
0 votes

Is the set $ AA+A $ always at least as large as $ A+A $?

I think $\big\{-1, 0, \frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\big\}$ is a counterexample. THIS IS WRONG, see comments, but I'll leave it up as a warning.
Yaakov Baruch's user avatar
42 votes
8 answers
4k views

1 rectangle <= 4 squares

Almost 25 years ago a professor at Indiana U showed me the following problem: given a map $\mathbb{Z}^2\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ such that the sum inside every square (parallel to the axes) is $\leq1$ i …
3 votes

1 rectangle <= 4 squares

There is a new upper bound of 254/67 (= 3.79104477...). Define 6 sets of cardinality 4: X1={-B+A, 0, A, B} Y1={0, A, B-A, B} X2={-B, -B+3A, B-2A, B+A} Y2={-2B+A, -A, B+A, 3B-A} X3={-6B+2A, -2B-2A, …
Yaakov Baruch's user avatar
4 votes

1 rectangle <= 4 squares

Here is a summary for the $\mathbb{R}^2$ situation. Upper limit: no improvement over the 3.8 known on $\mathbb{Z}^2$. To create specific examples I modified the $\mathbb{Z}^2$ ones by uniformely spr …
Yaakov Baruch's user avatar
10 votes

1 rectangle <= 4 squares

The upper bound is <3.95. I hope the code below will show correctly... It proves that assuming a sum >=3.95 in the central AxB rectangle of the grid ({-B,-B+A,-2A,-A,0,A,2A,B-A,B}+{0,A}) x ({-2B,-B- …
Mariano Suárez-Álvarez's user avatar