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Theory and applications of probability and stochastic processes: e.g. central limit theorems, large deviations, stochastic differential equations, models from statistical mechanics, queuing theory.

23 votes
2 answers
7k views

What is a Gaussian measure?

Let $X$ be a topological affine space. A Gaussian measure on $X$ is characterized by the property that its finite-dimensional projections are multivariate Gaussian distributions. Is there a direct ch …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
22 votes
3 answers
6k views

What is quantum Brownian motion?

It seems that the current state of quantum Brownian motion is ill-defined. The best survey I can find is this one by László Erdös, but the closest the quantum Brownian motion comes to appearing is in …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
18 votes
3 answers
2k views

How do we express measurable spaces using type theory?

A measurable space $(X,\mathcal X)$ consists of a set $X$ equipped with a $\sigma$-algebra of subsets $\mathcal X$. I would like to write computer programs involving measurable spaces, but to the best …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
18 votes
1 answer
1k views

Applications of the Giry monad in probability and statistics

In another thread, I asked about the $M$ endofunctor on the category $\operatorname{Meas}$ of measurable spaces, which sends a space $X$ to its space of measures $M(X)$. Will Sawin described the mon …
18 votes
3 answers
1k views

Is there a natural measurable structure on the $\sigma$-algebra of a measurable space?

Let $(X, \Sigma)$ denote a measurable space. Is there a non-trivial $\sigma$-algebra $\Sigma^1$ of subsets of $\Sigma$ so that $(\Sigma, \Sigma^1)$ is also a measurable space? Here is one natural …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
17 votes
5 answers
3k views

Conditional probabilities are measurable functions - when are they continuous?

Let $\Omega$ be a Banach space; for the sake of this post, we will take $\Omega = {\mathbb R}^2$, but I am more interested in the infinite dimensional setting. Take $\mathcal F$ to be the Borel $\sig …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
15 votes
3 answers
2k views

Disintegrations are measurable measures - when are they continuous?

This is a sequel to another question I have asked. The notion of disintegration is a refinement of conditional probability to spaces which have more structure than abstract probability spaces; someti …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
12 votes
3 answers
862 views

Measure theory in nuclear spaces

Much of the literature on measure theory in linear spaces focuses on the case of normed linear spaces (e.g., the outstanding book by Vakhania, or its sequel). However, nuclear linear spaces "as far fr …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
12 votes
2 answers
3k views

Does there exist an event independent of a given sigma-algebra?

The following question came up in a discussion with my advisor: Let $(\Omega, \mathcal F, \mathbb P)$ be a non-trivial probability space, and suppose that $\mathcal G$ is a proper sub-$\sigma$-alg …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
11 votes
3 answers
5k views

Strong law of large numbers for weakly dependent random variables

Let $X_i$ be a sequence of identically-distributed random variables with finite-range dependence (i.e. there exists $I$ such that if $|i-i'| \ge I$, then $X_i$ and $X_{i'}$ are independent), and a fin …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
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11 votes
1 answer
2k views

Do Measurable Cardinals Exist? (assuming ZFC)

In Appendix B of his Uniform Central Limit Theorems (1999), Dudley writes: It is consistent with the usual axioms of set theory (including the axiom f choice) that there are no measurable cardinals, …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
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10 votes
2 answers
2k views

When is a space of measures a measurable space?

Let $X$ denote a measurable space, that is, a set equipped with a $\sigma$-algebra $\Sigma(X)$. Let $M(X)$ denote the space of real-valued measures over $X$. This is a vector space over the real numbe …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
9 votes
2 answers
586 views

Fixed objects of the M endofunctor on category Meas

Consider the category $\operatorname{Meas}$ of measurable spaces: its objects are sets equipped with $\sigma$-algebras, and its morphisms are measurable functions between spaces. As Gerald Edgar & M …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
8 votes
4 answers
1k views

Is a measurable homomorphism on a Lie group smooth?

Let $G$ be a Lie group, and let $\mathcal B(G)$ its Borel $\sigma$-algebra. Suppose that $f : G \to G$ is a Borel-measurable homomorphism. Is $f$ smooth? Edit: My original question said "measurable …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
  • 8,532
7 votes
4 answers
934 views

On operator ranges in Hilbert & Banach spaces

Lemma 1 from Anderson & Trapp's Shorted Operators, II isLet $A$ and $B$ be bounded operators on the Hilbert space $\mathcal H$. The following statements are equivalent: (1) ran($A$) $\subset$ ran($B …
Tom LaGatta's user avatar
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