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25 votes
3 answers
1k views

Algebraic graph invariant $\mu(G)$ which links Four-Color-Theorem with Schrödinger operators: further topological characterizations of graphs?

30 years ago, Yves Colin de Verdière introduced the algebraic graph invariant $\mu(G)$ for any undirected graph $G$, see [1]. It was motivated by the study of the second eigenvalue of certain ...
Claus's user avatar
  • 6,917
7 votes
1 answer
639 views

History of spectral methods to the study of real analytic $GL_2$-Eisenstein series

I'm trying to sort out the history of spectral methods in the study of real analytic $GL_2$-Eisenstein series. From what I read so far, I would say that the subject was really kicked off by the ...
Hugo Chapdelaine's user avatar
7 votes
1 answer
1k views

Origins of the Jacobi matrix

I have several questions concerning history of Jacobi matrices. Does anybody know why the Jacobi matrix (=symmetric tridiagonal matrix) is named by Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi? What was his contribution ...
Twi's user avatar
  • 2,188
18 votes
4 answers
1k views

Who first used the multiplication operator version of spectral theory

This is another history question. Hilbert phrased the spectral theorem in terms of resolutions of the identity. While this remained the form of Stone and von Neumann, they did also have the ...
Barry Simon's user avatar
45 votes
11 answers
23k views

real symmetric matrix has real eigenvalues - elementary proof

Every real symmetric matrix has at least one real eigenvalue. Does anyone know how to prove this elementary, that is without the notion of complex numbers?
marjeta's user avatar
  • 579