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40 votes
3 answers
3k views

Height function on 2-torus with only 3 critical points

It is well-known that a Morse function on $T^2$ has at least $4$ critical points, but also that there exist functions $f\colon T^2\to\mathbb R$ with only 3 critical points (the least possible number ...
Renato G. Bettiol's user avatar
5 votes
0 answers
290 views

Pullback of Morse form satisfies Palais Smale

Let $(\alpha,g)$ be a Morse-Smale pair on a closed smooth manifold $M$, i.e. $\alpha$ is a Morse form and $g$ a Riemannian metric on $M$ such that stable and unstable manifolds of the gradient vector ...
Alessio Pellegrini's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
309 views

Bijection of critical points on two manifolds

Suppose that $f$ and $g$ are two smooth functions defined on $R^n$. Assume that $(a-\epsilon, b+\epsilon)$ contains no critical point of $g$. Then $g^{-1}[a,b]$ it homomorphic to $g^{-1}(a)\times [a,b]...
Simon Zhu's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
134 views

Morse theory for compact sets bounded by hypersurfaces in euclidian space

I am having trouble understanding precisely how some part of Morse Theory works. More precisely, take $X$ to be a compact set of $\mathbb{R}^d$ such that $\partial X$ (topological boundary) is a ...
Taraellum's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
216 views

Tubular neighborhoods in the proof of the Morse homology theorem

I have a question regarding the proof of the Morse homology theorem given by D. Salamon in "Morse theory, the Conley index and Floer homology". The full text can be found here: http://www.mtm.ufsc.br/...
user59149's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
79 views

How to distinguish birth and death bifurcations?

Let $f : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ have a degenerate critical point at $x = 0 \, ($ie, $f(0) = f'(0) = f''(0) = 0)$. Perturbing $f$ locally around $0$ may cause multiple scenarios: Birth: the ...
Azur's user avatar
  • 111
1 vote
0 answers
80 views

Diagrams for critical points [closed]

In Hatcher, Allen; Lochak, Pierre; Schneps, Leila, On the Teichmüller tower of mapping class groups, J. Reine Angew. Math. 521, 1-24 (2000). ZBL0953.20030) pages 13 and 15 we have : for case "d&...
1200785626's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
46 views

configurations of three saddles on one level [duplicate]

In Hatcher, Allen; Lochak, Pierre; Schneps, Leila, On the Teichmüller tower of mapping class groups, J. Reine Angew. Math. 521, 1-24 (2000). ZBL0953.20030) page 13 we have : There are sixteen ...
Usa's user avatar
  • 119
0 votes
0 answers
123 views

Generalized Sard's lemma

Let $f: X \to \mathbb{R}$ be a $C^{1,1}$ (that is $C^1$ with Lipschitz differential) function on a manifold $X$. Suppose that $f$ is smooth at all points of a subset $C \subset \text{Crit}f$ of ...
BrianT's user avatar
  • 1,227