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Questions that are about research in mathematics, or about the job of a research mathematician, without being mathematical problems or statements in the strictest sense. Do not use this tag for easy or supposedly easy mathematical questions.

4 votes

Blackbox Theorems

The Lovasz Local Lemma gives a very simple criterion for when certain random events have positive probability. Almost all applications of the Lemma automatically have an algorithm to find such events. …
3 votes

Graduate School

I was in a similar position: I worked in a technical, mathematically sophisticated but very specialized job for ten years out of undergraduate before applying to an applied math PhD program. I am curr …
1 vote

Demystifying complex numbers

Complex numbers make working with polynomials much easier, including purely real-valued questions about polynomials. For example, prove every real polynomial factors into linear and quadratics. With …
33 votes
18 answers
6k views

Non-rigorous reasoning in rigorous mathematics

I was wondering what role non-rigorous, heuristic type arguments play in rigorous math. Are there examples of rigorous, formal proofs in which a non-rigorous reasoning still plays a central part? Her …
9 votes

What notions are used but not clearly defined in modern mathematics?

Infinitesimals are almost in this category. Technically, calculus generally uses limits instead of infinitesimals. And there are logical systems (e.g. nonstandard analysis) in which genuine infinites …