All Questions

I heard the following relation in a talk by Peter Scholze. Could someone explain "in a simple way" what is the precise relation between the polynomial $x^4-7x^2-3x+1 $ and the integral ...

The reciprocity of the title is the following not completely well-posed problem: Fix $P(X)$ a monic irreducible polynomial of degree $n$, with coefficients in $\mathbb Z$. "Describe" (in some sense) ...