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Let $ A $ be a non-trivial $ C^{*} $-algebra and $ n \in \mathbb{N} $. Setting $ \mathcal{D} \stackrel{\text{df}}{=} A^{n} \setminus \{ (0_{A},\ldots,0_{A}) \} $, we can define a function $ f: \...

Let $ A $ be a non-unital $ C^{*} $-algebra. Is there an ‘elementary’ way to prove, for all $ (a,\lambda) \in A \times \mathbb{C} $, the inequality $$ |\lambda| \leq \sup_{b \in A, ~ \| b \| \leq 1} \|...