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Theoretical invariant distribution of discrete dynamical systems, including the Riemann Zeta map

Update on 3/10/2021: I added Example 5 in the Appendix. This generic example encompasses the Riemann Zeta dynamical system. A simple version of this post, targeted to engineers, machine learning ...
Vincent Granville's user avatar
10 votes
2 answers
678 views

Irrational rotation - recurrence times

I consider the irrational rotation $T_\alpha(x) = x + \alpha \text{ mod } 1$ for given irrational $\alpha \in [0,1]$. For a given open interval $A \subset [0,1]$ with length $|A|>0$, I consider the ...
kamui's user avatar
  • 103
2 votes
0 answers
299 views

A weighted ergodic average

According to my simulations, it looks like the number of times that the $N$ first iterates $u_0$, $\ldots$, $u_{N-1}$ of the sequence $(u_n)$ defined here meets an interval $I$ is close to $N|I|$ ...
Stéphane Laurent's user avatar
7 votes
2 answers
321 views

Random suborbits of a rotation

Let $u_n = x + n\alpha \pmod 1$ with $\alpha$ irrational. We know that $(u_n)_{n \geq 0}$ is dense in $\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$ (equivalently $(u_n)_{n \geq 0}$ visits every open interval infinitely ...
Stéphane Laurent's user avatar
18 votes
0 answers
667 views

The lonely molecule

Suppose $n$ air molecules (infinitesimal points) are bouncing around in a unit $d$-dimensional cube, with perfectly elastic wall collisions. Let $k=n^{\frac{1}{d}}$. For example, in 3D, $d=3$, with $n=...
Joseph O'Rourke's user avatar
18 votes
3 answers
1k views

Not-lonely runners

The lonely runner conjecture has several formulations. They all involve a number $n$ runners running on a circular track, each with a different speeds, and the conjecture is that each runner is ...
Joseph O'Rourke's user avatar
66 votes
4 answers
4k views

Perron number distribution

A Perron number is a real algebraic integer $\lambda$ that is larger than the absolute value of any of its Galois conjugates. The Perron-Frobenius theorem says that any non-negative integer matrix $M$ ...
Bill Thurston's user avatar