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25 votes
2 answers
2k views

When can an invertible function be inverted in closed form?

The Risch algorithm answers the question: "When can a function be integrated in closed form?", see: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic_integration Is anyone aware of any work that answers the ...
7 votes
2 answers
471 views

Decidability of differential equations

Is there anything well-known about the algorithmic decidability of the satisfiability of an ODE $\dot{x}=f(x)$, $x: [0,1]\to R^n$ with an initial condition $x(0)=x_0$, given that $f(x)$ belongs to ...
15 votes
2 answers
2k views

Solvability in differential Galois theory

It is well known that the function $f(x) = e^{-x^2}$ has no elementary anti-derivative. The proof I know goes as follows: Let $F = \mathbb{C}(X)$. Let $F \subseteq E$ be the Picard-Vessiot extension ...