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The aliquot sum function $s:\mathbb{N}\rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ assigns to any natural number $n$ the sum of its proper divisors. Perfect numbers are fixed points of this function. The open conjecture ...

The Fabius function is a smooth monotone function $F:[0,1]\to[0,1]$, satisfying functional equations $$F(0)=0, \quad F(1-x)=1-F(x)\tag1$$ and $$F'(x) = 2 \,F(2 x) \quad \text{for} \,\, 0<x<1/2.\...

The tetration is denoted $^n a$, where $a$ is called the base and $n$ is called the height, and is defined for $n\in\mathbb N\cup\{-1,\,0\}$ by the recurrence $$ {^{-1} a} = 0, \quad {^{n+1} a} = a^{\...

It was conjectured by Catalan in 1844 that the only solutions of the equation $x^a-y^b=1$ over variables $a,b,x,y\in\mathbb{N^+}$ are trivial ones: $3^1-2^1=1$ and $3^2-2^3=1$. The conjecture was ...