We can construct a 3-periodic billiards trajectory in an acute triangle in a classical geometric way, say taking the altitudes. Is there a similar way to construct a 6-periodic billiards?
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2$\begingroup$ you could relect/mirror the triangle sequentially 6 times at a side and then connect two corresponding points, one at the original triangle and one at the 6th reflection. $\endgroup$– user35593Commented Feb 26, 2019 at 5:44
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$\begingroup$ take a parallel to you 3-periodic solution and you get a 6-periodic solution. $\endgroup$– user35593Commented Feb 26, 2019 at 5:48
1 Answer
EDITED:
This is basically an amplification of user35593's first comment.
Let your triangle be $A,B,C$. Let $A'$ be the reflection of $A$ across $BC$, $C'$ the reflection of $C$ across $A'B$, $B'$ the reflection of $B$ across $A'C'$, $A''$ the reflection of $A'$ across $B'C'$, $C''$ the reflection of $C'$ across $A''B'$. Then it turns out $A'' C''$ is parallel to $AC$. If possible, take a point $p = t A + (1-t) C$ of $AC$, $0 < t < 1$, and $p'' = t A'' + (1-t) C''$, such that the line $p p''$ is contained in the union of triangles $ABC$, $A'BC$, $A'BC'$, $A'B'C'$, $A''B'C'$, $A''B'C''$ (I don't know if this is guaranteed to exist for all acute triangles). Then we get a $6$-periodic trajectory $$p \to (t_1 B + (1-t_1) C) \to (t_2 A + (1-t_2) B) \to (t_3 A + (1-t_3) C) \to (t_4 B + (1-t_4) C) \to (t_5 A + (1-t_5) B) \to p$$ where $t_1 B + (1-t_1) C$, $t_2 A' + (1-t_2) B$, $t_3 A' + (1-t_3) C'$, $t_4 B' + (1-t_4) C'$, $t_5 A'' + (1-t_5) B'$ are on the line $p p''$.
Here is an example:
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$\begingroup$ I interpret the question to be, whether you can do it for an arbitrary acute triangle. $\endgroup$ Commented Feb 26, 2019 at 11:37
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$\begingroup$ Luckily this is, in general, true for an arbitrary acute triangle. $\endgroup$– phoebeCommented Mar 2, 2019 at 17:13