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The study of differentiable manifolds and differentiable maps. One fundamental problem is that of classifying manifolds up to diffeomorphism. Differential topology is what Poincaré understood as topology or “analysis situs”.
6
votes
Accepted
Projective span of a manifold
With apologies for the self-promotion, my student Baylee Schutte and I now have a paper on this topic called Projective span of Wall manifolds. We calculate the projective span of a family of manifold …
3
votes
A question on the manifold $ \{n\otimes n-m\otimes m:n,m\in S^2,(n,m)=0\} $
I'm not too comfortable with the description of $N$ in terms of matrix tensor products, but the manifold $M/(\mathbb{Z}_2\times\mathbb{Z}_2)$ you describe in your comment is the manifold of pairs of o …
7
votes
Realizing integral homology classes on non-orientable manifolds by embedded orientable subma...
Here are some comments that don't really answer the question, but are too long for the comment box.
Firstly, the Poincaré dual of $\nu\in H_n(M;\mathbb{Z})$ is a twisted integer class $D\nu\in H^{m-n} …
14
votes
Integral homology classes that can be represented by immersed submanifolds but not embedded ...
This is a great question, and I don't have an answer but this is too long for a comment.
Working mod $2$, a codimension $k$ homology class $z\in H_{m-k}(M;\mathbb{Z}/2)$ is realizable by an embedding …
9
votes
Accepted
Integral homology classes of which no multiples admit embedded representatives with trivial ...
With the trivial normal bundle condition, it's fairly easy to produce non-realizable examples using Théorème II.2 of Thom's paper. Namely, a class $z\in H_l(M^n;\mathbb{Z})$ is realizable by an embedd …
7
votes
Accepted
Meaning of the first Chern class of the unit tangent bundle of a surface
The Poincaré-Hopf holds for non-orientable manifolds also. For a closed non-orientable surface $\Sigma$ the structure group of the sphere tangent bundle does not reduce to $SO(2)=S^1$, so it's classif …
3
votes
Accepted
Equivariant Whitney approximation
This is Corollary 1.12 in
Wasserman, A. G., Equivariant differential topology, Topology 8, 127-150 (1969). ZBL0215.24702.
The proof is essentially the same as the one given by Peter Michor in his answ …
7
votes
Accepted
on second cohomology of $S^1$-manifold
Yes. This follows from the Leray-Serre spectral sequence of the fibre bundle
$$
M\to M_{S^1} \to BS^1
$$
which has $E_2^{p,q}=H^p(BS^1;H^q(M;\mathbb{Z}))$ and converges to (the associated graded of th …
16
votes
Can the nth projective space be covered by n charts?
It seems worth giving the cup-length argument, as it's relatively short and sweet.
Suppose $\mathbb{R}P^n=U_1\cup\cdots\cup U_n$, with each $U_i\approx\mathbb{R}^n$, and let $c\in H^1(\mathbb{R}P^n;\m …
6
votes
Accepted
Künneth formula and induced map in homologies
Here is an example which will not make you very happy. There is a degree one map $f:S^2\times S^1 \to S^3$ which just collapses the complement of an embedded open disk. Take $a\in H_2(S^2;\mathbb{Z})$ …
22
votes
Is there a $4$-manifold which Immerses in $\mathbb{R}^6$ but doesn't Embed in $\mathbb{R}^7$?
Edit: The answer below is incorrect. In fact, $\bar{w}_3(\mathbb{R}P^2\times\mathbb{R}P^2)=0$ (thanks to Rafal Walczak for pointing this out) so by the cited result $\mathbb{R}P^2\times\mathbb{R}P^2$ …
16
votes
Accepted
Non orientable, closed manifold covered by two contractible charts
No. Recall that the Lusternik-Schnirelmann category of a space $X$, denoted $\operatorname{cat}(X)$, is the minumum $k$ such that $X$ may be covered by open sets $U_0,U_1,\ldots, U_k$ such that each i …
1
vote
Non-transverse intersection of submanifolds
There is a generalisation of transversality called clean intersection, used by Bott, Quillen and others. I gave some references in my answer to Reference for base change of cohomology pull-push for cl …
6
votes
Intersection modulo 2 theory for infinite dimensional manifolds?
This was supposed to be a comment but got too long.
The general result which encompasses both your examples in finite dimensions is the following: If $Y\subseteq Z$ is a submanifold of codimension $k$ …
3
votes
Accepted
Is identification of double points of an immersion smooth?
I think the answer to the first 2 questions is yes. Most of the details are in the thesis of Ralph Herbert:
Herbert, Ralph J., Multiple points of immersed manifolds, Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 250, 60 p. (19 …