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Model theory is the branch of mathematical logic which deals with the connection between a formal language and its interpretations, or models.

11 votes
1 answer
705 views

What is the precise relationship between forcing on a poset and the topos of double-negation...

I've seen various statements that the Boolean-valued models of ZFC occurring in model-theoretic forcing are "really" the topos of sheaves on an appropriate site, but never a fully precise statement. W …
12 votes
3 answers
2k views

Why do we need a transitive model in forcing arguments?

One major approach to the theory of forcing is to assume that ZFC has a countable transitive model $M \in V$ (where $V$ is the "real" universe). In this approach, one takes a poset $\mathbb{P} \in M$, …
1 vote
0 answers
208 views

A (second-order) axiomatic characterization of the integers which rules out surreal/hyperrea...

I've seen it stated, for example here, that the integers are the unique commutative ordered ring with identity whose positive elements are well-ordered. I understand why the integers are the smallest …