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Nonstandard analysis is a way of doing calculus and analysis with infinitesimals. The historical approach of Leibniz, Euler, and others to infinitesimal calculus was gradually replaced by epsilon, delta techniques in the context of a real continuum, in the 19th century. It was not until the 1960s that Abraham Robinson developed a theory of a hyperreal continuum that allows for a development of analysis procedurally akin to that of its founders.

20 votes
5 answers
2k views

Isomorphism types or structure theory for nonstandard analysis

My question is about nonstandard analysis, and the diverse possibilities for the choice of the nonstandard model R*. Although one hears talk of the nonstandard reals R*, there are of course many non-i …
Joel David Hamkins's user avatar
7 votes
1 answer
562 views

Are the definable hyper-reals, using quantifiers only over the standard reals and natural nu...

This question arose today at Yevgeny Gordon's talk, "Will nonstandard analysis be the analysis of the future?" at the CUNY Logic Workshop. Here is my way of asking it. Consider the ordered real field …
Joel David Hamkins's user avatar
47 votes
4 answers
4k views

Which topological spaces admit a nonstandard metric?

My question is about the concept of nonstandard metric space that would arise from a use of the nonstandard reals R* in place of the usual R-valued metric. That is, let us define that a topological sp …
Joel David Hamkins's user avatar
22 votes
5 answers
1k views

What is the spectrum of possible cofinality types for cuts in an ordered field? Or in a mode...

I am interested to know the full range of possibilities for the cofinality type of cuts in an ordered field and in other structures, such as nonstandard models of arithmetic. Definitions. Specifical …
Joel David Hamkins's user avatar
17 votes
2 answers
2k views

Do the surreal numbers enjoy the transfer principle in ZFC?

The surreal field $\newcommand\No{№}\No$ is definable in ZFC, and it is easy to see that the surreal order is $\kappa$-saturated for every cardinal $\kappa$, precisely because we fill any specified ga …
Joel David Hamkins's user avatar