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Let $z \in \mathbb{C}$ with $|z|=1$ and $z\ne 1$. Now consider the sum $$S(N,p)=\sum_{k=0}^N k^p z^k,$$ for some positive integers $N,p$. An immediate upper bound on $|S(N,p)|$ is $$|S(N,p)|\le C_1(...