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Let $A \cong L^\infty[0,1]$ be a non-atomic maximal abelian *-subalgebra in $M \cong B(L^2[0,1])$ (or any von Neumann algebra $M$). Is the following true? For every $T \in M$ and $\epsilon>0$, there are non-zero projections $p,q \in A$ such that $\| qTp \| \le \epsilon \| T \|$.

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This is not true. Here's an example for which it fails:

Let $\{ r_n \}_{n \in \mathbb N}$ be an enumeration of the rationals. Construct an orthogonal set $\left\{ f_{j, k}^{l, m} \right\}_{j, k, l, m \in \mathbb N} \subset L^2 (\mathbb R)$ such that each $f_{j, k}^{l, m}$ is valued in $\{ -1, 0, 1 \}$, has only finitely many discontinuity points, and satisfies $\left| f_{j, k}^{l, m} \right| = 1_{(r_j - \frac{1}{k}, r_j + \frac{1}{k})}$. (This is easy enough to do inductively on an enumeration of the quadruples $(j, k, l, m)$). Define a partial isometry $T \in \mathcal B(L^2(\mathbb R) )$ such that $T\left( \sqrt{ \frac{k}{2} } f_{j, k}^{l, m} \right) = \sqrt{ \frac{m}{2} } f_{l, m}^{j, k}$.

If we're given $\varepsilon > 0$ and $E, F \subset \mathbb R$ having positive measure then by Lebesgue's density theorem there exists a quadruple $(j, k, l, m)$ such that \begin{equation} \left| \left(r_j - \frac{1}{k}, r_j + \frac{1}{k} \right) \setminus E \right| <\varepsilon^2 \frac{2}{k} \ \ \ {\rm and} \ \ \ \left| \left(r_l - \frac{1}{m}, r_l + \frac{1}{m} \right) \setminus F \right| < \varepsilon^2 \frac{2}{m}. \end{equation} Therefore, $\sqrt{ \frac{k}{2} } \left\| 1_E f_{j, k}^{l, m} - f_{j, k}^{l, m} \right\|_2 < \varepsilon$, and $\sqrt{ \frac{m}{2} } \left\| 1_F f_{l, m}^{j, k} - f_{l, m}^{j, k} \right\|_2 < \varepsilon$. Hence,

\begin{equation} \left\| \sqrt{ \frac{m}{2} } f_{l, m}^{j, k} - 1_F T 1_E \left( \sqrt{ \frac{k}{2} } f_{j, k}^{l, m} \right) \right\|_2 < 2\varepsilon, \end{equation} so that $\left\| 1_F T 1_E \right\| = 1$.

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  • $\begingroup$ Thanks. I hoped the other way, but this is a nice example. $\endgroup$ Commented Sep 15, 2017 at 20:45

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