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Given two C*-algebras $A$ and $B$, the maximal tensor product $A\otimes_{max}B$ is bigger than the minimal tensor product $A\otimes_{min}B$ in the sense that there exists an epimorphism $$A\otimes_{max}B \to A\otimes_{min}B,$$ which is the identity map on the respective copies of the algebraic tensor product $A\otimes_{alg}B$.

In case $A$ and $B$ are unital C*-algebras, the amalgamated free product $A{*}_{\mathbb C}B$ is even bigger than $A\otimes_{max}B$ according to the exact same criteria described above (notice that $A{*}_{\mathbb C}B$ contains a cannonical copy of the vector space $A\otimes_{alg}B$). This is of course due to the fact that, within the free product, the elements of $A$ are not required to commute with those of $B$.

My question is whether $A\otimes_{max}B$ is still maximal if we weaken the condition of commutativity of elements by replacing it with the commutativity of sets.

Question: Suppose that $C$ is a C*-algebra containing copies of $A$ and $B$, such that $C$ coincides with the closed linear span of $$AB = \{ab:a\in A,\ b\in B\}$$ as well as that of $BA$. In symbols $C=\overline{\hbox{span}}\,AB=\overline{\hbox{span}}\,BA$. Suppose moreover that there exists a *-homomorphism $$\varphi:C\to A\otimes_{max}B$$ such that $\varphi(ab) = a\otimes b$, for all $a$ in $A$, and all $b$ in $B$. Is $\varphi$ necessarily an isomorphism?

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  • $\begingroup$ You have $C^*(A,B| [A,B]=0)\cong A\otimes_{max}B$ for $A$ and $B$ unital, where $C^*(A,B| [A,B]=0)$ is the universal c*algebra generated by commuting copies of A and B. And you want something weaker, right? $\endgroup$ Commented Nov 16, 2016 at 2:28
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    $\begingroup$ Dear @Sabrina, in case of unital C*-algebras you need to add a relation expressing that the unit of $A$ coincides with the unit of $B$. Thus $C^*(A,B\,|\,[A,B]=0,\ 1_A=1_B)\simeq A⊗_{max}B$. In fact I just edited my question to account for a similar problem with units in the paragraph about free product. Except for this small glitch, what you say is exactly what I have in mind. The weaker condition I want is precisely that $A$ and $B$ commute as sets, not necessarily commuting elementwise. Part of the trouble is that you cannot express this condition in terms of relations. $\endgroup$
    – Ruy
    Commented Nov 16, 2016 at 15:33

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