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The study of differentiable manifolds and differentiable maps. One fundamental problem is that of classifying manifolds up to diffeomorphism. Differential topology is what Poincaré understood as topology or “analysis situs”.

2 votes

manifolds with unusual rational cohomology rings

I'm not sure if this is quite what you're looking for, because: (a) it's a $3$-manifold with boundary, and (b) it's not the ring structure which is interesting; but the Borromean Rings link compl …
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2 votes

Topological relationships between family of transversal intersections of manifolds

I believe they are homeomorphic. Let $j: M\hookrightarrow\mathbb{R}^n$ denote the embedding of $M$. Your path defines a smooth homotopy $h: M\times [0,1]\to \mathbb{R}^n$ given by $h(x,t) = j(x)+a(t) …
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3 votes
Accepted

Is L-S category estimating the number of components of the critical set?

Doesn't the height function on a torus laying down on its side give a counter-exsmple? There are two circles of critical points, but $\mathrm{cat}(T^2) =3$. Added: A constant function on a connected …
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3 votes

Cohomology classes represented by submanifolds

This is an answer to your more general question about how to define $$f_\ast:H^\ast(X;\mathbb{Z})\to H^{\ast+\dim(Y)-\dim(X)}(Y;\mathbb{Z})$$ when $f: X\to Y$ is a proper oriented map. For $\ell$ suf …
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3 votes
Accepted

Fréchet manifold structure of C(M, N)

See Theorem III.1.11 on page 76 of "Stable mappings and their singularities" by Golubitsky and Guillemin for a proof that $C^\infty(M,N)$ is a Fréchet manifold when $M$ is compact.
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19 votes
Accepted

homology classes as immersed submanifolds

It might be better to split the question into 2 cases and 2 steps. Step 1: Which homology classes in $X$ can be represented by continuous maps of closed smooth manifolds (ie, which classes are $f_*[M …
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3 votes

How does all of the bundles over a certain manifold characterize the homotopy class of the b...

Let me attempt to summarise some basic facts. Let $G$ be a Lie (say) group, and let's let $M$ and $N$ be smooth compact manifolds as in the question. A principal $G$-bundle on $N$ is a bundle with s …
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2 votes

When is the union of embedded smooth manifolds a smooth manifold?

For simplicity, I will assume that all manifolds are connected and closed. An obvious sufficient condition is that the for each pair of embeddings, their images are either disjoint or equal. To see …
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6 votes
Accepted

perturbing one map to be transverse to a second map

I'm not sure what exactly you mean by perturb, but you can always make $f$ transverse to $g$ by a homotopy and this is often enough. This is proved in Section IV.2 of Kosinski's "Differential Manifold …
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3 votes
Accepted

Equivariant Whitney approximation

This is Corollary 1.12 in Wasserman, A. G., Equivariant differential topology, Topology 8, 127-150 (1969). ZBL0215.24702. The proof is essentially the same as the one given by Peter Michor in his answ …
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34 votes
Accepted

Is differential topology a dying field?

Probably it is the blanket term "differential topology" which is dying, as people use more specific terms to describe different aspects of the study of smooth manifolds and maps.
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8 votes

Dimension in Whitney's theorem

The following paper of Elmer Rees addresses precisely your question for Lie groups: Rees, Elmer Some embeddings of Lie groups in Euclidean space. Mathematika 18 (1971), 152–156. The main result is …
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1 vote

Connected representant of a framed cobordism class (reference needed)

The claim doesn't seem to be true when $n=0$ and $M^m$ is orientable. In that case framed cobordism classes correspond to homotopy classes of maps $f:M^m\to S^m$, which by the Hopf degree theorem are …
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3 votes

Wilking's connectivity theorem

This is a consequence of Poincaré duality applied to the open $n$-manifold $X-Y$. In particular, we have $H^i_c(X-Y)\cong H_{n-i}(X-Y)$ for all $i$, where $H^\ast_c$ denotes cohomology with compact s …
5 votes

Reference request: an elementary proof of Brouwer fixed-point theorem.

In these notes by Tony Carbery, it is mentioned that a proof along these lines appears in the book Differential Forms and Applications by do Carmo, where it is attributed to E. Lima.
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