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Theory and applications of probability and stochastic processes: e.g. central limit theorems, large deviations, stochastic differential equations, models from statistical mechanics, queuing theory.

10 votes

Convex combination iid Bernoulli random variables

One can get a bound which is within a constant of the optimal bound using the following Paley-Zygmund type inequality Let $X$ be a real random variable with mean zero and finite fourth moment, th …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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15 votes
Accepted

When does a pointwise CLT hold?

Bounded density will suffice, I think. Basically what one needs is for the Fourier transforms (aka characteristic functions) of the $X_1 + \ldots + X_n / \sqrt{n}$ to converge pointwise to the Fourie …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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5 votes
Accepted

Convex combination iid Bernoulli random variables

To complement my other answer, I will show Proposition 1 Let $\xi_k$ be a finite number of iid Bernoulli random variables of expectation $p > 1/2$, and let $a_k > 0$ be real numbers. Then ${\bf …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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5 votes
Accepted

Prove an inequality related to moments

As observed in a (now deleted) previous comment, the exponent of $\|\alpha\|_2$ should be $2k$ instead of $2$ for homogeneity reasons. If the $\varepsilon_i$ are symmetric, then this can be proven by …
Terry Tao's user avatar
  • 114k
11 votes
Accepted

Distribution of the spectrum of large non-negative matrices

This is a non-centered iid random matrix whose entries have mean one and variance one (and decay exponentially at infinity), and as such, is subject to the circular law with one outlier. Thus, there …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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6 votes
Accepted

'Focusing' the mass of the Probability Density Function for a Random Walk

Hmm, you're asking for concentration for heat kernels. Over long periods of time, these kernels are dominated by the low-energy eigenfunctions, so basically one needs to construct domains which have …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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6 votes
Accepted

Distribution of 1-norm for Gaussian Unitary Ensemble

Let's normalise the variance of the entries to be $1$. Then GUE asymptotically obeys the semicircular law, i.e., the eigenvalues (which equal the singular values, as GUE is Hermitian), after dividing …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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21 votes

Can random variables that almost surely solve equations be repaired to surely solve these eq...

After chasing down references relating to the paper of Shelah mentioned by Will Brian, I now have a satisfactory answer to the question. It all hinges on whether there is a splitting of the quotient …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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28 votes
Accepted

Is there a noncommutative Gaussian?

The theory of classical independence and classical convolution can be generalised to noncommutative settings in several ways. The most famous one is that of free independence and free convolution (int …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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9 votes
Accepted

Joint distribution of minor of Wigner Hermitian matrices

There is certainly no asymptotic independence between $\det M_{11}, \det M_{22}$. From the base times height formula for parallelepipeds we see that \begin{align*} \frac{|\det M_{12}|}{|\det M_{22}|} …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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6 votes

Why do Littlewood-Paley projections behave like iid random variables

If one replaces the real line with the Walsh ring $F_2[t](\frac{1}{t})$ (or equivalently, replaces the Fourier transform by the Fourier-Walsh transform), then Littlewood-Paley projections become preci …
Terry Tao's user avatar
  • 114k
43 votes
Accepted

Anti-concentration bound for permanents of Gaussian matrices?

I did a preliminary feasibility analysis of our methods and it appears possible that one may be able to tighten our $n^\epsilon$ loss to something more like $\exp( \sqrt{n} )$ in the Gaussian case, bu …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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38 votes

If $X$ and $Y$ independent and identically distributed, then $E(|X-Y|)\leq E(|X+Y|)$. Are ot...

Shorn of probabilistic language, this inequality follows from the assertion that $|x+y|-|x-y|$ is a positive semi-definite kernel, and is therefore the sum (or integral) of squares. Your Fourier-anal …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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3 votes
Accepted

Tail bounds on eigenvalue gaps for GUE

This is studied in Gérard Ben Arous and Paul Bourgade, Extreme gaps between eigenvalues of random matrices, Ann. Probab. 41 (2013), no. 4, 2648--2681. (Ah, so that's how the "insert citation" butto …
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16 votes
Accepted

Some models for random graphs that I am curious about

The Lovasz-Szegedy theory of graphons is likely to be relevant. Every measurable symmetric function $p: [0,1] \times [0,1] \to [0,1]$ (otherwise known as a graphon) determines a random graph model, i …
Terry Tao's user avatar
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