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Results tagged with lo.logic
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user 74578
first-order and higher-order logic, model theory, set theory, proof theory, computability theory, formal languages, definability, interplay of syntax and semantics, constructive logic, intuitionism, philosophical logic, modal logic, completeness, Gödel incompleteness, decidability, undecidability, theories of truth, truth revision, consistency.
2
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0
answers
83
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How strong is separation + reflection without transitivity?
Consider a theory $T$ with a binary relation $\in$ and the following axiom schemas:
$\exists u \forall x (x \in u \leftrightarrow x \in a \land \phi)$ where $u$ is not free in $\phi$. This is the axi …
- 2,213
14
votes
0
answers
362
views
Can the axiom of choice be expressed in 4 quantifiers?
This 2007 paper presents a 5-quantifier $(\in, =)$-expression that is ZF-equivalent to the axiom of choice, but leaves open the 4-quantifier case:
Thus the gap is reduced to the undecided case of a 4 …
- 2,213
12
votes
1
answer
213
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Is there a $\Pi_2$ sentence $A$ such that $\text{ZFC}^- + A$ proves powerset?
This is a follow-up to this question.
Let $\text{ZFC}^-$ be ZFC without powerset and with collection rather than replacement, as described here.
Is there a $\Pi_2$ (or perhaps $\Sigma_2$) sentence $A$ …
- 7,545
3
votes
1
answer
503
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Harvey Friedman: The expanding mind
In reference 1, Friedman writes:
I discuss my efforts concerning 3 crucial issues in the foundations of mathematics that are deeply connected with the great work of Kurt Gödel.
[...]
B. Are there fun …
- 2,031
4
votes
1
answer
320
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Bounded alternatives to powerset that interpret ZFC
In set theory, many properties/relations of interest can be expressed as $\Delta_0$ formulas (formulas with only bounded quantifiers):
\begin{align}
\text{empty}(a) &\equiv \forall x \in a . \bot …
- 2,213
6
votes
1
answer
191
views
How strong is separation + reflection of unbounded quantifiers?
Consider a set theory with the following axioms:
separation: $\exists y \forall x (x \in y \leftrightarrow \phi \land x \in a)$ where $y$ is not free in $\phi$
reflection: $\phi \to \exists u \phi^u$ …
- 5,831
12
votes
0
answers
563
views
Harvey Friedman's minimalist axioms for set theory
[This is a question on the FOM mailing list.]
In 1997, Harvey Friedman introduced the following theory: Let $\in$ be a binary predicate and $U$ be a constant. Add the following axioms:
Subworld separa …
- 2,213
1
vote
0
answers
190
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Does foundationless Ackermann set theory prove replacement?
From Ackermann's set theory equals ZF (1970) by William N. Reinhardt:
Let A be the theory determined by the following axioms:
Extensionality: $\forall z (z \in x \leftrightarrow z \in y) \to x = y$
…
- 2,213
8
votes
1
answer
484
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Natural $\Pi_1$ sentence independent of PA
Order invariant graphs and finite incompleteness by Harvey Friedman gives an example of a combinatorial/non-metamathematical $\Pi_1$ sentence that is independent of ZFC. Is there a simpler example of …
- 32.2k
3
votes
2
answers
702
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Shortest axiom of infinity for foundationless set theory
Let $T$ be the theory with a binary symbol $\in$, an unary symbol $S$, and the following axioms:
Axiom of extension:
\begin{equation}
\forall x \forall y (\forall z (z \in x \leftrightarrow z \in …
- 2,213
6
votes
3
answers
2k
views
How strong is this set theory?
In the spirit of this related question, consider a set theory with the following axioms:
Axiom of extension:
$$ \forall x \forall y (\forall z (z \in x \leftrightarrow z \in y) \rightarrow x = y) $$
…
- 2,213