This question has also been posted on MSE, but maybe here is the right place to post it.

Is it true that if $D$ is a Riemannian $2$-disk having constant Gaussian curvature equal to $1$ and whose boundary has constant geodesic curvature, then $D$ is isometric to some geodesic ball of the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^2 \subset \mathbb{R}^3$? I strongly suspect so, but I couldn't find a reasonable argument.