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See e.g. the last section of Ebbinghaus/Flum/Thomas for the relevant background on abstract model theory. Below, all languages are finite for simplicity. "$HC$" is the set of hereditarily ...

For a structure $\mathcal{X}=(X;...)$, say that a cardinal $\kappa$ is $\mathcal{X}$-detectable iff there is some sentence $\varphi$ in the language of $\mathcal{X}$ together with a fresh unary ...

I would like to get a better idea of how badly compactness fails in $\mathcal{L}_{\omega_1\omega}$. Let $\Gamma$ be an arbitrary set of sentences from $\mathcal{L}_{\omega_1\omega}$. Let the ...

The goal of this question is to fill in the gap in this old answer of mine. For a transitive set $M$, thought of as an $\{\in\}$-structure, we define the following ordinals (this is not the notation ...

There's a large countable ordinal which has cropped up (as a lower bound!) in a computable structure theory problem I'm playing with. At present I don't really understand how big it is, and I'm ...