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Let $\mathbb N=\{0,1,2,\ldots\}$. By the Gauss-Legendre theorem on sums of three squares, any $n\in\mathbb N$ with $n\equiv1,2\pmod4$ can be written as $x^2+y^2+z^2$ with $x,y,z\in\mathbb N$. Clearly, one of $x,y,z$ has the same parity with $n$.

On July 25, 2009, I formulated the following conjecture.

Conjecture. Let $$N_1=14617,\ N_2=15618\ \ \text{and}\ \ N_3=25582.$$ Then, for each $i\in\{1,2,3\}$, any integer $n>N_i$ with $n\equiv1,2\pmod4$ can be written as$x_1^2+x_2^2+x_3^2$ with $x_1,x_2,x_3\in\mathbb N$ and $x_1\le x_2\le x_3$ such that $x_i\equiv n\pmod2$.

Any ideas towards the solution of this conjecture?

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  • $\begingroup$ I am not sure I understand your question but if you are asking for a method of expressing an integer $N$ as a sum of $3$ squares using the triangular numbers then the answer is yes, it can be done. See here for the details: math.stackexchange.com/questions/2070691/… $\endgroup$
    – user25406
    Commented Feb 3, 2019 at 13:40

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