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Question: Given three positive integers $a$, $b$ and $c$ such that the sum of any two of them is bigger than the third, how difficult is it algorithmically to determine the kissing number of triangles with side lengths $a$, $b$ and $c$ -- that is, the number of such triangles in the plane which can simultaneously touch one such triangle in at least one point each?

Remark: On the one hand, it seems quite possible that this can even be done with a bounded number of steps (arithmetic operations, case distinctions etc.) for any choice of $a$, $b$ and $c$, but on the other -- is there an obvious reason for this problem to be algorithmically solvable at all?

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  • $\begingroup$ Isn't it a function of the smallest angle of the triangle? Maybe also the ratio of the longest side to the shortest altitude? Gerhard "Miniscule Experience With Kissing (Number)" Paseman, 2017.05.27. $\endgroup$ Commented May 27, 2017 at 21:01
  • $\begingroup$ Let R be the ratio of the perimeter to the smallest altitude, and N the smallest number such that N times the smallest angle is at least 2pi radians. I conjecture that N+2R is a strict upper bound for the kissing number, and that there is a family of isosceles triangles that approaches this bound. Gerhard "Geometrical Conjecturing While U Wait" Paseman, 2017.05.27. $\endgroup$ Commented May 27, 2017 at 21:11
  • $\begingroup$ Also, the minimum is 12. Gerhard "Taking Care Of A Detail" Paseman, 2017.05.27. $\endgroup$ Commented May 28, 2017 at 1:04
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    $\begingroup$ @fedja: For equilateral triangles, it's indeed 12, and not 13 -- cf. e.g. Likuan Zhao, The kissing number of the regular polygon. $\endgroup$
    – Stefan Kohl
    Commented May 28, 2017 at 8:36
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    $\begingroup$ Tangentially related: "The kissing number of a square, cube, hypercube?." $\endgroup$ Commented May 28, 2017 at 13:07

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Too long for a comment:

I think there is a reason, why this is algorithmically solvable.

Given three side lengths $a,b$ and $c$, and a fixed number $k\in\mathbb{N}$, writing down all the (in)equalities, that prescribe $k$ non-intersecting triangles with side-length $(a,b,c)$ kissing a (fixed) triangle with the same side lengths yields a semi-algebraic set $C_k$; the configuration space of $k$ kissing triangles. For each $k$ it is decidable whether or not $C_k$ is empty (existential theory of the reals). Therefore an algorithm would start with $k=0$, increasing the $k$ until the first $k$ is found such that $C_k$ is empty and then returning $k-1$ as the kissing number. (The fact that this algorithm terminates comes from the fact that there is an upper bound on the kissing number.)

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