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Is Besove Are Besov spaces $B^{s}_{p,q}$ invariant under Fourier transform?

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Inquisitive
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(This may be very easy question for MO; as I am just trying to understand Besov spaces)

Let $\phi \in C^{\infty}(\mathbb R^{n})$ with $ \operatorname{supp} \phi \subset \{\xi \in \mathbb R^{n}: |\xi|\leq 2, \phi(\xi)=1$$ \operatorname{supp} \phi \subset \{\xi \in \mathbb R^{n}: |\xi|\leq 2\} , \phi(\xi)=1$ if $|\xi|\leq 1.$ We put, $$\phi_{j}(\xi)= \phi(2^{-j}\xi)- \phi(2^{-j+1}\xi), (\xi \in \mathbb R^{n}, j \in \mathbb N).$$ Then we have $$\operatorname{supp} \phi_{j} \subset \{\xi\in \mathbb R^{n}: 2^{j-1}\leq |\xi| \leq 2^{j+1} \}, j\in \mathbb N $$ and, with $\phi_{0}=\phi,$ $$\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \phi_{k}(\xi)=1, \text{if} \ \xi\in \mathbb R^{n}.$$

Perhaps there different ways to introduce Besov spaces; we define in the following way.

Let $0<p\leq \infty, 0 <q \leq \infty$ and $s\in \mathbb R$ then $$B^{s}_{p,q}(\mathbb R^{n})=\{f\in \mathcal{S'}(\mathbb R^{n}):\|f\|_{B^{s}_{p,q}}=\left(\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} 2^{ksq} \|(\phi_{k}\hat{f})^{\vee}\|_{L^{p}}^{q}\right)^{1/q}<\infty \}.$$

Examples. $B^{s}_{2,2}(\mathbb R^{n})= H^{s}(\mathbb R^{n})(=\text{Sobolev spaces}).$

My naive questions are:

(1) Is $B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ can be embedded in $L^{1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ ? (or other $L^{p}$ for $1\leq p \leq \infty$) (2) Is $B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ is invariant under Fourier transform, that is, if $f\in B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n}),$ then $\hat{f} \in B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ ? (3) What about $B^{s}_{p,q}(\mathbb R^{n})$ except for $p=q=2$ ? (4) What does this definition tells us intuitively ? (5) Is there some thing special about dyadic decompositions ?

Thanks,

(This may be very easy question for MO; as I am just trying to understand Besov spaces)

Let $\phi \in C^{\infty}(\mathbb R^{n})$ with $ \operatorname{supp} \phi \subset \{\xi \in \mathbb R^{n}: |\xi|\leq 2, \phi(\xi)=1$ if $|\xi|\leq 1.$ We put, $$\phi_{j}(\xi)= \phi(2^{-j}\xi)- \phi(2^{-j+1}\xi), (\xi \in \mathbb R^{n}, j \in \mathbb N).$$ Then we have $$\operatorname{supp} \phi_{j} \subset \{\xi\in \mathbb R^{n}: 2^{j-1}\leq |\xi| \leq 2^{j+1} \}, j\in \mathbb N $$ and, with $\phi_{0}=\phi,$ $$\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \phi_{k}(\xi)=1, \text{if} \ \xi\in \mathbb R^{n}.$$

Perhaps there different ways to introduce Besov spaces; we define in the following way.

Let $0<p\leq \infty, 0 <q \leq \infty$ and $s\in \mathbb R$ then $$B^{s}_{p,q}(\mathbb R^{n})=\{f\in \mathcal{S'}(\mathbb R^{n}):\|f\|_{B^{s}_{p,q}}=\left(\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} 2^{ksq} \|(\phi_{k}\hat{f})^{\vee}\|_{L^{p}}^{q}\right)^{1/q}<\infty \}.$$

Examples. $B^{s}_{2,2}(\mathbb R^{n})= H^{s}(\mathbb R^{n})(=\text{Sobolev spaces}).$

My naive questions are:

(1) Is $B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ can be embedded in $L^{1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ ? (or other $L^{p}$ for $1\leq p \leq \infty$) (2) Is $B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ is invariant under Fourier transform, that is, if $f\in B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n}),$ then $\hat{f} \in B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ ? (3) What about $B^{s}_{p,q}(\mathbb R^{n})$ except for $p=q=2$ ? (4) What does this definition tells us intuitively ? (5) Is there some thing special about dyadic decompositions ?

Thanks,

(This may be very easy question for MO; as I am just trying to understand Besov spaces)

Let $\phi \in C^{\infty}(\mathbb R^{n})$ with $ \operatorname{supp} \phi \subset \{\xi \in \mathbb R^{n}: |\xi|\leq 2\} , \phi(\xi)=1$ if $|\xi|\leq 1.$ We put, $$\phi_{j}(\xi)= \phi(2^{-j}\xi)- \phi(2^{-j+1}\xi), (\xi \in \mathbb R^{n}, j \in \mathbb N).$$ Then we have $$\operatorname{supp} \phi_{j} \subset \{\xi\in \mathbb R^{n}: 2^{j-1}\leq |\xi| \leq 2^{j+1} \}, j\in \mathbb N $$ and, with $\phi_{0}=\phi,$ $$\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \phi_{k}(\xi)=1, \text{if} \ \xi\in \mathbb R^{n}.$$

Perhaps there different ways to introduce Besov spaces; we define in the following way.

Let $0<p\leq \infty, 0 <q \leq \infty$ and $s\in \mathbb R$ then $$B^{s}_{p,q}(\mathbb R^{n})=\{f\in \mathcal{S'}(\mathbb R^{n}):\|f\|_{B^{s}_{p,q}}=\left(\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} 2^{ksq} \|(\phi_{k}\hat{f})^{\vee}\|_{L^{p}}^{q}\right)^{1/q}<\infty \}.$$

Examples. $B^{s}_{2,2}(\mathbb R^{n})= H^{s}(\mathbb R^{n})(=\text{Sobolev spaces}).$

My naive questions are:

(1) Is $B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ can be embedded in $L^{1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ ? (or other $L^{p}$ for $1\leq p \leq \infty$) (2) Is $B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ is invariant under Fourier transform, that is, if $f\in B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n}),$ then $\hat{f} \in B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ ? (3) What about $B^{s}_{p,q}(\mathbb R^{n})$ except for $p=q=2$ ? (4) What does this definition tells us intuitively ? (5) Is there some thing special about dyadic decompositions ?

Thanks,

Source Link
Inquisitive
  • 1.1k
  • 5
  • 16

Is Besove spaces $B^{s}_{p,q}$ invariant under Fourier transform?

(This may be very easy question for MO; as I am just trying to understand Besov spaces)

Let $\phi \in C^{\infty}(\mathbb R^{n})$ with $ \operatorname{supp} \phi \subset \{\xi \in \mathbb R^{n}: |\xi|\leq 2, \phi(\xi)=1$ if $|\xi|\leq 1.$ We put, $$\phi_{j}(\xi)= \phi(2^{-j}\xi)- \phi(2^{-j+1}\xi), (\xi \in \mathbb R^{n}, j \in \mathbb N).$$ Then we have $$\operatorname{supp} \phi_{j} \subset \{\xi\in \mathbb R^{n}: 2^{j-1}\leq |\xi| \leq 2^{j+1} \}, j\in \mathbb N $$ and, with $\phi_{0}=\phi,$ $$\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \phi_{k}(\xi)=1, \text{if} \ \xi\in \mathbb R^{n}.$$

Perhaps there different ways to introduce Besov spaces; we define in the following way.

Let $0<p\leq \infty, 0 <q \leq \infty$ and $s\in \mathbb R$ then $$B^{s}_{p,q}(\mathbb R^{n})=\{f\in \mathcal{S'}(\mathbb R^{n}):\|f\|_{B^{s}_{p,q}}=\left(\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} 2^{ksq} \|(\phi_{k}\hat{f})^{\vee}\|_{L^{p}}^{q}\right)^{1/q}<\infty \}.$$

Examples. $B^{s}_{2,2}(\mathbb R^{n})= H^{s}(\mathbb R^{n})(=\text{Sobolev spaces}).$

My naive questions are:

(1) Is $B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ can be embedded in $L^{1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ ? (or other $L^{p}$ for $1\leq p \leq \infty$) (2) Is $B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ is invariant under Fourier transform, that is, if $f\in B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n}),$ then $\hat{f} \in B^{0}_{1,1}(\mathbb R^{n})$ ? (3) What about $B^{s}_{p,q}(\mathbb R^{n})$ except for $p=q=2$ ? (4) What does this definition tells us intuitively ? (5) Is there some thing special about dyadic decompositions ?

Thanks,