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Galois theory, named after Évariste Galois, provides a connection between field theory and group theory. Using Galois theory, certain problems in field theory can be reduced to group theory, which is, in some sense, simpler and better understood.
33
votes
Accepted
Profinite groups as étale fundamental groups
[Edit:] The answer should be positive, that is, every profinite group appears as the fundamental group of a scheme. Here is a sketch of proof.
First of all, I claim that for any finite group $G$ ther …
9
votes
Accepted
Grothendieck's Galois theory without finiteness hypotheses
Check out Section 2 of Noohi's paper Fundamental groups of topological stacks with slice property, Algebr. Geom. Topol. 8 (2008) pp 1333–1370, doi:10.2140/agt.2008.8.1333, arXiv:0710.2615.