Let $H$ be a Hilbert space. A vector subspace $W\subset B(H)$ is called a Fredholm subspace if there is an upper bound for the absolute value of Fredholm index of all Fredholm operators $T$ in $W$.

Is there a classification of all $C^*$-algebras $A$ which admit an irreducible representation $\phi:A \to B(H)$ in some Hilbert space $H$ such that $\phi(A)$ is a Fredholm subspace of $B(H)$?

Is there a classification of all $C^*$-algebras $A$ which admit a faithful representation $\phi:A \to B(H)$ in some Hilbert space $H$ such that $\phi(A)$ is a Fredholm subspace of $B(H)$?

One can consider the terminology "Fredholm algebra" for any such $C^*$-algebras.

Edit: We add an example according to comment by Yemon Choi.

Put $H=\ell^2$ let $S$ be the shift operator on $\ell^2$ and $n$ be a fixed integer. Then this is a finite dimensional Fredholm subspace of $B(\ell^2)$:

$$\{P(S)\mid \text{P is a polynomial of degree at most n}\}.$$