Consider configurations consisting of 4 distinct circles on the sphere. Two configurations are equivalent if they can be mapped onto each other by a homeomorphism of the sphere. How to enumerate/classify such configurations?
Equivalent problem: classify the arrangements of 4 hyperbolic planes in the hyperbolic space, up to homeomorphisms of the space.
Before voting to close this question as trivial, you may look at the classification of generic configurations which we obtained by brute force:
[Each region bounded by more than 3 sides is labeled by the number of its boundary sides.]
Questions: Is this new? Is there a scientific method to obtain this? Is there any structure on these 35 configurations?
There is a large research area about hyperplane arrangements in a Euclidean space. How about hyperbolic space? There is also a large body of research on hyperbolic tetrahedra. But it is always assumed that the tetrahedron is compact (or has only vertices at infinity).
We encountered this question in our studies of the Heun and Painlevé VI equations with real coefficients. (See Appendix II). Projective monodromy groups associated to these equations are generated by 4 reflections in circles.