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2 votes
1 answer
459 views

Is the statement "All numbers are counting numbers" independent of $PA$?

In his paper, "Completed versus Incomplete Infinity in Arithmetic" (which can be found here), the late Edward Nelson defines the notion of 'counting number' as follows: 0 is a counting ...
Thomas Benjamin's user avatar
32 votes
11 answers
11k views

Is PA consistent? do we know it?

1) (By Goedel's) One can not prove, in PA, a formula that can be interpreted to express the consistency of PA. (Hopefully I said it right. Specialists correct me, please). 2) There are proofs (...