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Recall that by theorems of Deligne and Deligne--Serre, there is the following dichotomy: Modular forms on the upper half plane of level $N$ and weight $k\geq 2$ correspond to representations $\rho:\...

(This comes from this other question. You can find more details there) The following bijection is now a theorem: Odd irreducible 2-dim Galois repn $\longleftrightarrow$ weight 1 newforms note: ...