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What is the earliest published statement and proof of the well-known result: for a simple Lie algebra over $\mathbb{C}$ or other algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, the convex hull (in the dual of a fixed Cartan subalgebra) of the set of weights in a finite dimensional irreducible representation of highest weight $\lambda$ without the weight 0 contains only the weights $w \lambda$ (with $w$ in the Weyl group) iff these are the sole weights of the representation (in which case $\lambda$ is usually called "minuscule").

I've always tended to think of this result as being due to Kostant---somewhere in his early papers---or maybe Bourbaki. But this is too vague.

[Sorry to have omitted the needed assumption on the weight 0 in the earlier version; this amounts to requiring that $\lambda$ does not lie in the root lattice.]

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  • $\begingroup$ I think you need to also specify that it is ok for the convex hull to contain $0$ (although $0$ is not a weight of the representation). But this is a slightly strange way to describe the minuscule weights. More usually, you would say they are the ones for which $(Q+\lambda) \cap \mathrm{ConvHull}(W\lambda) = W\lambda$, where $Q$ is the root lattice. $\endgroup$ Commented Sep 7, 2020 at 5:14

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