Let $\mathfrak{u}$ be a nilpotent Lie algebra and let $\mathbb{C}[\mathfrak{u}]$ be the space of polynomials with the natural coadjoint action of $\mathfrak{u}$.
Can one describe $\mathbb{C}[\mathfrak{u}]^{\mathfrak{u}}$?
We are interested mainly in the case where $\mathfrak{u} = \mathfrak{g}_1 \oplus \mathfrak{g}_2 \oplus \cdots \oplus \mathfrak{g}_k$ is graded nilradical of a parabolic subalgebra of a simple complex Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$. Our guess is that $\mathbb{C}[\mathfrak{u}]^{\mathfrak{u}} = \mathbb{C}[\mathfrak{g}_1]$.