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Let $\lambda$ and $\sigma$ be partitions of $n$: $\lambda_1+\lambda_2+\cdots+\lambda_l=n$ and $\sigma_1+\sigma_2+\cdots+\sigma_s=n$

Let $M_{\lambda \sigma}$ be the number of ways to colour the parts of lengths $\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\cdots,\lambda_l$ with $s$ colours such that

1) each part is coloured with exactly one colour

2) the sum of the lengths of the parts coloured with colour $i$ is $\sigma_i$.

I am intersted in

1) are these numbers known, for example related to the Kostka numbers?

2) is there any other information about these numbers $M_{\lambda \sigma}$ available? (reccurences, gf's)

These numbers are needed to find the generating function of $n$-ary commutative rooted trees.

In case the definition is not clear, here is an example.

For $\lambda=(2,2,1)$ and $\sigma=(3,2)$ we have $M_{\lambda \sigma}=2$.

This means that there are two ways to colour the parts of lengths $2$, $2$ and $1$ with two colours such that the sum of the lengths of the parts with first colour is $3$ and the sum of the lengths of the parts with the second colour is $2$.

1st way: 1st part and 3rd part are coloured with the 1st colour, 2nd part with the 2nd color.

2nd way: 2nd part and 3rd part are coloured with the 1st colour, 1st part with the 2nd colour.

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1 Answer 1

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Your number $M_{\lambda\sigma}$ seems to be the same as $L_{\lambda\mu}$, defined in (6.9) page 103 in Macdonalds book on symmetric functions (second edition) if I am not mistaken.

These numbers are coefficients in the transition matrix between power sum polynomials $p_\lambda$ and monomial symmetrix polynomials, $m_\lambda$.

The Kostka numbers give the matrix between $m_\lambda$ and $s_\lambda$, the Schur polynomials. See figure on page 104.

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  • $\begingroup$ thank you very much, my colleague also found that these numbers are from transition matrix between $p_λ$ and $m_λ$ by calculating on sage. As i understand, these numbers do not have explicit formula as Kostka numbers? Is there any more information? Thanks. $\endgroup$
    – Radmir
    Commented Sep 3, 2014 at 4:47
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    $\begingroup$ What do you mean by explicit formulas? To my knowledge, there are no closed-form formulas for the Kostka numbers. $\endgroup$ Commented Sep 3, 2014 at 6:29
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    $\begingroup$ yes, exactly, sorry for my ignorance. as I know, there is algorithm for finding meaning of $K_{\lambda\sigma}$, if $\lambda$ and $\sigma$ are given. is there smthng like this for $L_{\lambda\sigma}$? thanks. $\endgroup$
    – Radmir
    Commented Sep 4, 2014 at 5:37

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