Intuitively, one can say that a dynamical system is alive if one can build a universal Turing machine inside. So, Conway's Game of Life is alive and shift space should be dead.
I fail to make this definition precise. Please let me know if someone made it (or at least was trying to). (It is nice if you can make a def. BUT I'm mostly interested if you saw such definition in the literature.)
Comments:
- There is a relateted questionrelateted question, and it links to this paper by Graça--Campagnolo--Buescu (thanks to Joel).