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@opa it's only a "proprietary trap" if you get dependent on all the proprietary sourced toolboxes. Matlab code written without toolbox-stuff in it runs without almost any modifications in Gnu Octave which is both free and open source. I would rather say the + of learning Matlab is that you have the flexibility of working with open sourcers AND proprietary guys. If the guys you work for want the code open, just switch to Octave. If they don't, switch back to Matlab.
@BenCrowell all languages don't work the same way. If you come from Java or c for example, you can try to write everything using for loops in matlab, but you will be punished by slow code.