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The space $R_{\mathbb{R}}(X)$ has points consisting of maps Spec $\mathbb{C} \rightarrow X$ over $\Spec \mathbb{R}$. So complex conjugation induces an involution. The natural target for $R_{\mathbb{R}}$ is $\mathbb{Z}/2$-spaces, i.e., spaces equipped with an action of $\mathbb{Z}/2$.
Another reference for the Postnikov tower / Serre spectral sequence approach is Mosher and Tangora, Cohomology operations and applications in homotopy theory.