This isn't really what game theory is about. Its more about what happens when you have two sets of competing interests and how the outcomes fall out that clash of interests by "rational agents" (which might not clash, the decision to cooperate is part of the deal). It started with the prisoner dilema, but really got formulated as a field by Nashes work on the equilibrium. To be clear, this usually isnt about "games" but things like economic competition, international politics etc. It brings maths to the table.