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A topos is a category that behaves very much like the category of sets and possesses a good notion of localization. Related to topos are: sheaves, presheaves, descent, stacks, localization,...
15
votes
Au revoir, law of excluded middle?
I don't know whether this will be helpful, but here goes. There used to be things called the "Laws of Thought", and they used to be equated (tendentiously) with sort-of axioms for rationality, when "a …
4
votes
Topos theory reference suitable for undergraduates
Introduction to Higher Order Categorical Logic by Joachim Lambek and P. J. Scott. Try Google Books for this. The point of view is much more suitable for the functional programming aspects, even though …
4
votes
Stone Spaces, Locales, and Topoi for the (relative) beginner
The texts by Vickers and Johnstone are rather different, and certainly are different in intention. I was struck by a remark made to me by a leading computer scientist, to the effect that Stone Spaces …
0
votes
Lattice of subcategories: subobject classifier in Cat
Special cases being the submonoids of a monoid, and suborders of a partial order. What would one expect to be a common generalisation of those two, that was of interest? All one really asks for is a c …