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Diophantine equations are polynomial equations $F=0$, or systems of polynomial equations $F_1=\ldots=F_k=0$, where $F,F_1,\ldots,F_k$ are polynomials in either $\mathbb{Z}[X_1,\ldots,X_n]$ of $\mathbb{Q}[X_1,\ldots,X_n]$ of which it is asked to find solutions over $\mathbb{Z}$ or $\mathbb{Q}$. Topics: Pell equations, quadratic forms, elliptic curves, abelian varieties, hyperelliptic curves, Thue equations, normic forms, K3 surfaces ...
5
votes
seeking an integer parameterization for A^2+B^2=C^2+D^2+1
Such a parametrization is not possible.
Proof. Suppose A,B,C,D are polynomials with integer coefficients (in any number of variables) and A^2+B^2 = C^2+D^2+1.
Then we have a parametrization for the c …