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Lie algebras are algebraic structures which were introduced to study the concept of infinitesimal transformations. The term "Lie algebra" (after Sophus Lie) was introduced by Hermann Weyl in the 1930s. In older texts, the name "infinitesimal group" is used. Related mathematical concepts include Lie groups and differentiable manifolds.

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An upper bound on the dimension of a subalgebra of $\mathfrak{so}(p,q)$ with non-trivial centre

Let $\mathfrak{so}(p,q)$ be the real definite/indefinite orthogonal Lie algebra, $p,q\ge0$, $p+q=n\in\mathbb{N}$, and $L\subset\mathfrak{so}(p,q)$ a Lie subalgebra with non-trivial centre, $\mathrm{Z} …