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"Gerbe" is a construct in homological algebra and topology. They can be seen as a generalization of principal bundles to the setting of 2-categories. "Gerbe" is a French (and archaic English) word that literally means wheat sheaf. Gerbes were introduced by Jean Giraud (Giraud 1971) following ideas of Alexandre Grothendieck as a tool for non-commutative cohomology in degree 2.
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How should one think about the band of a gerbe?
Like for sheaf of groups, you can try to describe the patching data required to glue sheaves of groupoids ("stacks"). A grebe is a sheaf of groupoids, locally equivalent to a sheaf of the form $BG$ fo …
9
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References on Gerbes
I guess this also explain the hard time you feel finding references: Gerbes seat very naturally in the context of sheaves of spaces (in this language this is just a connected sheaf of 1-types!) … However, the situation do get better with time, and I think that gerbes will appear more in texts soon (in particular, they are not out of fashion, just sort of get revised by $\infty$-category theory) …