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YCor
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Counting points in elliptic curves

Given an elliptic curve over $\mathbb Z_n$ is it $\#P$ hard to compute

  1. $\# E(\mathbb Z_n)$?

I doubt the problem is $PP$-hard since it seems unlikely $\# E(\mathbb Z_n)\leq\frac n2$ is exceeded.

Nevertheless is it $\oplus P$ hard to compute

  1. $\# E(\mathbb Z_n)\bmod 2$?

  2. $a\bmod 2$ where $2^a|\# E(\mathbb Z_n)$ and $2^{a+1}\nmid\# E(\mathbb Z_n)$?

VS.
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