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T. Amdeberhan
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Proving the "oddity" of in counting intervals of theTamari lattice

Let $C_n=\frac1{n+1}\binom{2n}n$ be the Catalan numbers. Recall, in particular, that $C_n$ is odd iff $n=2^h-1$. A combinatorial proof is given by Deutsch and Sagan and further extended by Postnikov. Let's introduce the sequence $T_n=\frac2{n(n+1)}\binom{4n+1}{n-1}$ which count intervals of the so-called Tamari lattice (also counting triangular maps).

It is rather simple to prove the following using basic arithmetic means.

QUESTION. Can you provide a combinatorial justification that $T_n$ is odd if $n=2^h-1$?

T. Amdeberhan
  • 43.2k
  • 5
  • 57
  • 217