Consider the category of manifolds $\text{Man}$.

A groupoid object in the category of manifolds is called a Lie groupoid, denoted by $\mathcal{G}$. There is a way to associate a stack (over the category $\text{Man}$) for this $\mathcal{G}$, the stack of principal $\mathcal{G}$ bundles, denoted by $B\mathcal{G}$. Any stack which is isomorphic to $B\mathcal{G}$ is called a geometric stack. So, geometric stacks are same as Lie groupoids; the ”geometric” stacks of interest over the category of manifolds are precisely the stacks associated to groupoid objects in the category of manifolds.

Now, fix a scheme $S$ and consider the category, $\text{Sch}/S$, of schemes over $S$. Fix some Grothendieck topology (I do not know many, so, you can fix what ever is comfortable). In this category also I can talk about groupoid objects, take one such and denote by $\mathcal{G}$. Is there a way to associate a stack over the category $\text{Sch}/S$.

Is it the case, similar to the case of manifolds, that the ”geometric” stacks of interest over the category $\text{Sch}/S$ are precisely the stacks associated to groupoid objects in the category of $\text{Sch}/S$? I mean to ask are Algebriac stack precisely the stacks coming from groupoid object in category $\text{Sch}/S$? I guess the answer is No (please feel free to add some comments regarding this).

Are stacks over $\text{Sch}/S$ associated to groupoids over $\text{Sch}/S$ of any interest? Do they cover “most” of Algebriac stacks over the stack $S$ with what ever topology on $\text{Sch}/S$? Are there (basic) examples of stacks associated to groupoids over $\text{Sch}/S$ that are not algebraic?