We know that the consistency of ZFC+"Exists an inaccessible cardinal" implies the consistency of ZF+DC+"All sets are Lebesgue measurable"; and DC proves the existence of non-Borel sets.
J. Truss proved that repeating Solovay's construction by collapsing any limit cardinal to be $\aleph_1$ we obtain a model of ZF+"All sets are Lebesgue measurable", and in that model DC holds if and only if we collapsed an inaccessible. If we collapsed a singular cardinal then the resulting model has the property that all sets are Borel.
If we assume ZF+"All sets are Lebesgue measurable"+"There exists a non-Borel set", can we conclude that there is an inner model with an inaccessible cardinal?
Some clarifications:
- When I say Borel sets, I mean elements of the $\sigma$-algebra generated by the open sets.
- When I say Lebesgue sets, I mean elements of the $\sigma$-algebra generated by completing the Borel $\sigma$-algebra with respect to the null ideal.
- As the Borel measure may fail to be $\sigma$-additive, we can as the following to complement the above question:
Assume that ZF+"All sets are Lebesgue measurable"+"The Borel measure is $\sigma$-additive", can we conclude that there is an inner model with an inaccessible cardinal?
Now, taking the Borel and Lebesgue sets as defined above makes more sense.
- The above leads to the next question:
If the Borel measure is not $\sigma$-additive, can we represent $\mathbb R$ as a countable union of null sets?
(It is tempting to say immediately yes, but remember that countable unions of countable sets need not be countable anymore.)