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How to prove the map of rings $\mathcal{R} \to \mathcal{R'}$ is flat?
We fix a finite extension $K$ of $p$-adic field $\mathbb{Q}_p$ with ring of integers $\mathcal{O}_K$ and residue field $\kappa$. Consider the ring of witt vectors $W(\kappa)$ over the residue field $\...