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Let $R$ be a (commutative, unital) ring of dimension $n$ over a field $k$. Assume the characteristic of $k$ is greater than $n$. Then $R^{\otimes n}$ has a natural ring structure, together with an $...

Let $R$ be a ring with identity. A matrix $A=[a_{ij}] \in M_n(R)$ is called a J-matrix if for any $i$, $a_{ii} \not \in J(R)$ but for any $i \not = j$, $a_{ij} \in J(R)$. Now suppose that every J-...