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A minimally strongly connected digraph (MSC) is strongly connected (SC), while removal of any arc destroys this. That is, between any two vertices a, b there exists a directed path from a to b, while ...

A digraph is called weakly connected if its underlying undirected graph is connected. You are given a digraph $G$ with $V$ vertices and $E$ edges as a read-only data structure consisting of lists of ...

A quasi-kernel in a directed graph D is an independent subset of vertices $S$ so that for every $v \in V(D)-S$ either $v->s$ for some $s \in S$ or $v->w->s$ for some $w \in V(D)-S, s \in S$. ...