4
$\begingroup$

I am going through this paper by Tanaka, but I got stuck at Proposition 2.4, given below.enter image description here

He does not provide any proof, instead referring to Theorem 6.6 of this paper, given below. enter image description here

Unfortunately, I cannot figure out how the Proposition follows from Theorem.

Can anyone provide any hints or suggestions? They will be really appreciated.

Thanks and regards in advance.

$\endgroup$

1 Answer 1

4
$\begingroup$

Given a finite group $G$ acting freely on a paracompact space $X$, a principal ideal domain $L$, and a positive integer $n$, Conner and Floyd construct a cohomology class $c^n(X; L)$ on $X/G$ (see Section 4). If $G = L = \mathbb{Z}_2$, then $c^n(X; L) = w_1(\ell)^n$ where $\ell$ is the real line bundle associated to the double cover $X \to X/\mathbb{Z}_2$. They then define $\operatorname{co-ind}_LX$ to be the largest integer $n$ such that $c^n(X; L) \neq 0$ (see Definition 4.4); furthermore, $\operatorname{co-ind}_{\mathbb{Z}_2}X$ is denoted by $\operatorname{co-ind}_2X$. In particular, if $G = L = \mathbb{Z}_2$, then $\operatorname{co-ind}_2X$ is the largest integer $n$ such that $w_1(\ell)^n \neq 0$.

In Section 6, Conner and Floyd consider the total space of an $n$-sphere bundle $p : B \to X$ with structure group $O(n+1)$ - note, the $n$ used here is unrelated to the $n$ used in the previous paragraph. Since the structure group is $O(n+1)$, there is a rank $n+1$ vector bundle $\alpha \to X$ with $B = S(\alpha)$. Note that the antipodal map on each fiber of $p$ is a free involution on $B$, and $B/\mathbb{Z}_2 = S(\alpha)/\mathbb{Z}_2 = \mathbb{P}(\alpha)$. Theorem 6.6 states that $\operatorname{co-ind}_2B = n + k$ where $k$ is the largest integer such that the dual Stiefel-Whitney class $\overline{w}_k(\alpha)$ is non-zero. So, if $\ell \to \mathbb{P}(\alpha)$ denotes the real line bundle corresponding to $S(\alpha) \to \mathbb{P}(\alpha)$, then the largest $i$ for which $w_1(\ell)^i \neq 0$ is $i = n + k$.

Converting these results to Tanaka's statement, note that Tanaka is instead considering a vector bundle $\alpha$ of rank $m$ (so $n = m - 1$), and is using $e$ to denote $w_1(\ell)$. Tanaka defines $\omega\operatorname{-dim}(\alpha)$ to be the largest integer $k$ for which $w_k(\alpha)$ is non-zero. Note that $-\alpha$ is a virtual vector bundle with $\alpha\oplus(-\alpha)$ trivial, so $w(\alpha)w(-\alpha) = 1$, and hence $w(-\alpha) = \overline{w}(\alpha)$. Therefore $\omega\operatorname{-dim}(-\alpha)$ is the largest integer $k$ for which $w_k(-\alpha) = \overline{w}_k(\alpha)$ is non-zero - Conner and Floyd simply called this value $k$, i.e. $\omega\operatorname{-dim}(-\alpha) = k$. Putting this all together, we see that the largest $i$ for which $e^i = w_1(\ell)^i$ is non-zero is

$$\operatorname{co-ind}_2(S(\alpha)) = n + k = m - 1 + \omega\operatorname{-dim}(-\alpha)$$

which yields Tanaka's Proposition 2.4.

$\endgroup$

You must log in to answer this question.

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged .